Nalukettu

Nalukettu is the traditional style of architecture in Kerala. Houses built in this style have a quadrangle in the middle with four halls on surrounding it. It is now a status symbol among well to do in Kerala. It is evident in the traditional houses of the upper class homestead where customs and rituals were a part of life. The inside of the houses are decorated with a wealth of antiques made from teak, mahogany, sandalwood etc. It is considered the traditional homestead of 'Tharavadus'(joint families)
MATERIALS USED:
This style of architecture is wondrous and uses wood and tiles. Barring foundation and floor, it is made of carved slotted wood and has a close resemblance to East Asian gabled and thatched structures. Tiles replace the coconut fronds.
STRUCTURE:
The enclosed courtyard (Ankanam) is usually sunk and therefore called 'Kuzhi(pit) Ankanam'. The protruding roofs of the 'Salas'(blocks) of the Nelakettu form shady verandahs and protect rooms from direct sunlight, keeping them cool even on the hottest days. The inner verandahs round the 'Ankanam' are open. The outer verandahs-eastern and western are left open and the northern and southern verandahs are enclosed or semi-enclosed. The union of the four 'Salas' is considered the most beautiful arrangement for a residential building. The design must strictly follow the principles of Vaastu. Each of the Salas must be designed according to the dimension prescribed for the direction in which it lies. The kitchens should be in the northern or eastern part, bedrooms in the southern and western blocks. the 'Madhya Sutra'(middle line) should pass freely without any obstruction. A mound of Jasmine(Mullathara) acn be placed in the Ankanam. The central courtyard is considered auspicious and is kept neat and clean.
NEW GENERATION NALUKETTUS:
In the modern versions of the house the roof structures are made of concrete and finishing is done with Mangalore tiles. This reduces the usage of wood and improves building security. The tiles laid over the roof reduce leakage and control temperature inside during summer season.
PROS AND CONS:
The most important advantage of the Nelakettu is that it brings nature closer to man.
It has effective temperature and humidity control and a good ventilation system.
It utilises natural light.
Its verandahs and portico provide free space for movement.
It provides an arena for family get-togethers.
The Nalukettus have a disadvantage in the security aspect. The central open courtyard is vulnerable to external intrusion.
Dampness during rainy season may occur.
Presence of insects and mosquitoes due to the the open space proves to be a problem.
Lack of internal privacy is also prevalent because each and every room is visible from the central courtyard.
It requires a large area for construction and is highly costly to build.